Risk Factors For Colorectal Cancer

Who is at risk of developing colorectal cancer?

Colorectal cancer can affect anyone. While the exact cause of precancerous colon polyps (growths that can lead to colorectal cancer) is not fully understood, several factors can increase a person's risk of developing polyps and cancer.

These risk factors are divided into non-modifiable factors (things you can’t control) and modifiable risk factors (things you can control).

Non-modifiable risk factors for colorectal cancer

Age

As we age, the risk of developing colorectal polyps and cancer increases. The risk increases significantly after the age of 40, with most cases being diagnosed in individuals over 50. However, the rates of colorectal cancer in younger adults are growing.

Precancerous polyps are common in people over 50. Colorectal cancer that develops from these precancerous polyps is usually seen in people over the age of 60.

Family History

If a close family member (a parent, sibling or child) has had colorectal cancer, you may be at a higher risk.

Some individuals inherit genetic mutations that make them more susceptible to developing colorectal cancer. However, not everyone with these genetic mutations will necessarily develop cancer.

Personal history

A personal history of certain conditions can increase the risk of developing colorectal cancer. These include:

• Polyps: Polyps are growths that can form inside the colon or rectum. Some types, known as tubular adenomas, are precancerous polyps.That means they may eventually develop into cancer if not removed. If you have multiple polyps, you may be at greater risk of colon cancer due to a genetic predisposition.
• Inflammatory bowel disease (IBD): Ulcerative colitis and Crohn's disease are conditions in which the lining of the colon and rectum become inflamed. People with these conditions, especially when they persist for more than seven years and affect a large portion of the colon, are at higher risk for developing colorectal cancer. Modifiable risk factors for colorectal cancer There may be a link between developing colorectal cancer and certain lifestyle factors:
• Smoking: Using any type of tobacco, including smoking cigarettes, shisha, and medwakh, is a well-established risk factor for colorectal cancer.
• Obesity: Being overweight, particularly with excess fat around the abdomen, is strongly linked to a higher risk of colorectal cancer.
• Low physical activity: A sedentary lifestyle and lack of exercise is linked to a higher risk.
• Alcohol consumption: Drinking excessive amounts of alcohol can increase your risk.
• Diet: A diet that is high in processed meat and low in natural fiber from fruits and vegetables may also be associated with an increased risk of colorectal cancer.

In addition to reducing your risk of colorectal cancer, adopting a balanced diet, staying active, and maintaining a healthy lifestyle are all important steps for improving your overall health.

Does having these risk factors mean I will develop colorectal cancer?

Having one or more of these risk factors does not mean that you will develop colorectal cancer. However, it is important to discuss these risk factors with your doctor and talk about colorectal cancer screening options

Routine colorectal cancer screening is recommended for everyone over the age of 40 to prevent colorectal cancer. However, if you have a higher risk for colorectal cancer your doctor may recommend more frequent screening.

If you experience any symptoms, meet the screening criteria, or think you may be at risk, talk to your doctor about scheduling colorectal cancer screening today.

Schedule your colonoscopy today. It could save your life.